A compliant manipulation system has been developed for robotic packing of items onto densely packed shelves in e-commerce fulfillment centers. This system has successfully completed over 500,000 stows, achieving human-level packing density and speed while enhancing safety for human workers by prioritizing overhead shelf tasks.

Today's humanoid robots are unlikely to achieve dexterity, despite significant investments in their training. The challenges of developing effective manipulation capabilities have persisted for decades, with current approaches relying on insufficient data and methods that do not generalize well across tasks. The article argues that while humanoid robots will proliferate in the future, they will not resemble humans or current humanoid designs.