The article analyzes Nvidia's architectures, focusing on the evolution from Ampere to Hopper and Blackwell, while also touching on the broader implications for the tech industry. The author, who translated a WeChat post by Zarbot, highlights Nvidia's unique strengths, particularly its comprehensive ecosystem from algorithms to hardware. This integration is seen as a major advantage, especially in comparison to emerging Chinese chipmakers. The author emphasizes that while Nvidia excels in many areas, it faces its own challenges, which will be explored in detail. Key points include the introduction of Tensor Cores in the Volta architecture, which began to disrupt Nvidia's previously defined SIMT architecture. The author notes that the complete transformation of this architecture might not fully materialize until the Rubin generation. There’s a critical examination of Blackwell's shortcomings, including its dual die architecture, which increases latency and complicates memory access efficiency. The article also critiques Nvidia's complex instruction structure, which can hinder performance as core counts rise. The author predicts future developments, particularly for the Vera Rubin architecture. Expect a CPU with 88 cores and doubled memory bandwidth compared to Grace, utilizing 8 memory channels. The PCIe will likely support Gen6 with 80 lanes. While the specifics about L2 cache remain uncertain, the focus on multi-die structures indicates a continued trend toward increased complexity in chip design. Overall, the analysis provides a thorough look at Nvidia's advancements and limitations while offering insights into the competitive landscape of high-performance computing.