The Guinea worm infection, caused by the parasitic nematode Dracunculus medinensis, is nearing eradication, with only 10 human cases reported globally in 2025, according to the Carter Center. This represents a significant drop from the estimated 3.5 million cases across 21 countries in 1986 when the eradication program kicked off. If successful, Guinea worm disease will become only the second human disease to be eradicated, following smallpox. The parasite spreads through contaminated water, specifically from small crustaceans called copepods that carry its larvae. Once ingested, the larvae develop inside the human body for about a year before emerging through painful blisters, often in the feet or legs. The infection can cause severe pain and lead to complications like secondary infections and even sepsis, which can result in long-term disability. As of 2024, the number of reported cases was 15, and the provisional count for 2025 is down to 10. Six countries remain unverified by the World Health Organization as Guinea worm-free. The final confirmation of these numbers will take place in an upcoming program meeting, typically held in April, where disease reports from each country will be reviewed.