Ethereum researchers propose FOCIL as censorship-resistance headliner for Hegota upgrade | The Block
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Saved February 14, 2026
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Ethereum researchers are proposing Fork-Choice Enforced Inclusion Lists (FOCIL) to enhance censorship resistance in the upcoming Hegota upgrade. This mechanism aims to ensure that valid transactions are included on-chain promptly, reducing the risk of centralized intermediaries filtering transactions. The proposal, initially deferred from a previous upgrade, addresses concerns about centralization in Ethereum's builder market.
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Ethereum researchers are pushing for a new mechanism called Fork-Choice Enforced Inclusion Lists (FOCIL) as a key feature in the upcoming Hegota upgrade. Proposed by Thomas Thiery, a researcher with the Ethereum Foundation, FOCIL aims to enhance the network's censorship resistance. It would allow multiple validators, rather than just a single block builder, to enforce transaction inclusion based on Ethereum's fork-choice rule. This approach seeks to limit the influence of centralized intermediaries who might filter or delay transactions.
FOCIL addresses the rising centralization in Ethereum’s builder market, exacerbated by miner extractable value (MEV) practices and tight integration among builders, relays, and searchers. The proposal emphasizes the need for protocol-level mechanisms to ensure that valid transactions are included in a timely manner, rather than relying on off-chain market forces. Thiery contends that without FOCIL, Ethereum remains vulnerable to potential mass censorship events, something that could disrupt the network's core values.
However, implementing FOCIL comes with challenges. It increases protocol complexity and doesn't currently accommodate blob transactions or private MEV-carrying transactions. Researchers have highlighted the importance of proactively addressing potential censorship, even if it’s not a widespread issue at present. They argue that Ethereum should be designed to withstand future threats rather than merely react when problems arise. The Hegota upgrade, expected to follow the Glamsterdam upgrade later this year, will incorporate this proposal to strengthen Ethereum's commitment to fair and neutral transaction inclusion.
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